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There are several reasons why many
industries would benefit from the use of WF chilled water
production.
These benefits can be direct and indirect. In a refinery application
the following conclusions can be made.
Indirect financial benefits:
- Increased Carbon Credits for Emissions Trading
- Reduction in industrial water charges and affiliated
pumping costs
- Reduction in Consent to Discharge
- Enhanced company image from an environmental point
of view
- Enhanced company image from an investors point of view
- Compliance with modern pollution regulations
- Elimination in chances of air pollution fines or government
taxes
Direct financial benefits:
From a feasibility study it is
possible to determine from the following calculation a payback
from the prevention of flare gas on a 100,000bbl/d oil refinery.
(The value of flare gas per has been noted as $250.00 per
tonne. Market forces remain)
Bbl/d
x 0.9 x 160 x 0.01 = A
A x 0.50 = B
B - C = Total Loss per day of Valuable Hydrocarbons
Key:
Bbl/d = barrels per day
0.9 = SG (Specific Gravity) of feedstock
160 = amount of litres per barrel
0.01 = % of feedstock that makes it to the flare
A = total amount given as kg/d for crude oil
0.50 = mean SG of combined flare gases
B = total volume in kg/d of gas to the flare
C = total volume considered
as invaluable hydrocarbons (such as Co2 and Hydrogen etc)
So:
100,000bbl/d x 0.9 x 160 = 14,400,000
litres
14,400,000 x 0.01 = 144,000 litres
144,000 x 0.5 = 72,000 kg
72,000 = 72 tonnes
72 - 50% = 36 tonnes
36 x 250 = $9,000 per day
9,000 = $3,285,000 per year
Less Operational Downtime =
$3,000,000 per year
Due to the large variety of processes apparent with each
individual refinery a feasibility study or environmental
audit for each individual site would best determine the
economic viability of this project.
It could be that on a particular refinery the volume of
flare gas could be considerably lower or that the spot price
for propane may be higher. All the above is subject to evaluation
on result of initial data analysis provided by the refinery
engineers.
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